Overview

Snap switches, dimmers and control switches are three different types of switches that are commonly used within electrical systems to serve specific functions. The permitted use, ratings and limitations of the three types of switches were previously described in the Section 404.14 of NEC 2020. However, this section did not include the specifications for different types of snap switch terminations. Thus, a new sub-section 404.14(D) titled “Snap Switch Terminations” was added in the 2023 edition of NEC, which explains the use, limitations, and rating requirements for snap switches with simple terminations, CO/ALR terminations, and screwless (push-in) terminations. This addition was made with the intention of providing a reference for electricians installing snap switches with various terminations within the electrical system.

Applying the 2023 Code

Snap switches are actuated by very small mechanical force and react quickly due to the presence of a “snapping” mechanism, dimmers can be used to vary the amount of current delivered to a lighting fixture to control its intensity, whereas control switches offer various functions, such as electronic timing and occupancy sensing. All of these switches play crucial roles in efficient electrical setups. Until 2020, NEC Section 404.14 served to highlight the permissible use, ratings, and limitations of the three types of switches that must be considered when selecting the appropriate type for a particular application. However, the load requirements have become more critical since 2020, and the effects of the different types of snap switch terminations can no longer be ignored. The new subsection ensures that the role of snap switch terminations is taken into account when selecting the type of snap switch to be used in a particular application.

What’s New for the 2023 NEC?

2020 NEC

The NEC 2020 addressed the usage, ratings, and limitations of the various types of switches, without taking into account or referencing the role of their terminations.

2023 NEC

(D) Snap Switch Terminations

Snap switch terminations shall be in accordance with the following:

• Terminals of 15-ampere and 20-ampere snap switches not marked CO/ALR shall be used with copper and copper-clad aluminum conductors only.
• Terminals marked CO/ALR shall be permitted to be used with copper, aluminum, and copper-clad aluminum conductors.
• Snap switches connected using screwless terminals of the conductor push-in type construction (also known as conductor push-in terminals) shall be installed on not greater than 15-ampere branch circuits and shall be connected with 14 AWG solid copper wire only unless listed and marked for other types of conductors.